فسفوتنگستیک اسید

Phosphotungstic Acid Hydrate is a heteropoly acid widely used as a staining, precipitating, and analytical reagent in biochemical, histological, and electron microscopy applications. It is known for its strong acidic properties and high molecular weight, enabling selective interaction with proteins, lipids, and other biomolecules, and providing excellent contrast enhancement in microscopic and analytical procedures.

🏭⚗️ Production
Produced through controlled chemical synthesis involving the reaction of tungstate salts with phosphoric acid under acidic conditions, followed by hydration and purification steps to achieve high purity and consistent composition. The hydrate form contains defined amounts of bound water, contributing to its stability and solubility. Each production batch is tested for chemical purity, acidity, solubility, and absence of insoluble residues. Supplied in chemically resistant, moisture-protected containers to prevent degradation and contamination.

🔬 Properties
Appears as a yellow to greenish-yellow crystalline or powdery solid, highly soluble in water and polar solvents. Exhibits strong acidic behavior and high electron density, making it particularly effective for negative staining and protein precipitation. Stable under recommended storage conditions but hygroscopic, readily absorbing moisture from the environment. Decomposes at elevated temperatures and is sensitive to strong reducing agents.

🧪 Applications
Commonly used as a negative stain in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for visualization of viruses, macromolecules, and cellular structures. Utilized in histology and biochemistry for protein precipitation, lipid staining, and differentiation of tissue components. Also applied in analytical chemistry, catalyst research, and as a reagent in various laboratory protocols requiring high-contrast or selective precipitation.

⚠️ Safety
For laboratory use only. Strongly acidic and corrosive. Causes skin, eye, and respiratory irritation upon contact or inhalation. Avoid direct contact and inhalation of dust or aerosols. Handle with appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves, lab coat, and eye/face protection. Store in a tightly sealed container in a cool, dry place, protected from moisture and incompatible substances. Dispose of according to local chemical waste regulations.