Hydrochloric acid (also called muriatic acid or spirits of salt) is a colorless, strong acid solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl) with a sharp, pungent odor. It naturally occurs in gastric acid and is widely used as an important industrial chemical and laboratory reagent.
🏭⚗️ Production
Industrial hydrochloric acid is produced by dissolving hydrogen chloride gas—made by combining chlorine and hydrogen in water. This process yields highly pure acid, often used in food and chemical industries.
🧪 Applications
• Preferred acid for titrations due to its strong acidity and stability
• Used in leather processing, household cleaning, and construction
• Enhances oil recovery by dissolving rock formations in wells
• Removes calcium carbonate deposits in kettles and brickwork
• Essential in producing food additives like aspartame, citric acid, and lysine
• Plays a vital role in nanomaterials research, plant tissue analysis, and pharmaceutical synthesis
⚠️Safety
Hydrochloric acid is corrosive and can irritate skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Protective gloves, goggles, and respirators are recommended when handling concentrated solutions.
