اسید گلیکولیک

Glycolic Acid (Acide glycolique) is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) with the chemical formula HOCH₂COOH. It is widely used in pharmaceutical and laboratory applications due to its exfoliating, pH-adjusting, and chemical reactivity properties.

🏭⚗️ Production
Glycolic acid is primarily produced through the hydrolysis of glycolaldehyde, which can be synthesized from ethylene glycol. The 85% concentration is achieved by removing water through distillation, resulting in a viscous, colorless liquid suitable for various applications.

🔬 Properties
Glycolic acid 85% is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic odor. It has a molecular weight of 76.05 g/mol and a density of approximately 1.49 g/cm³ at 25°C. The pH of a 50% aqueous solution is typically between 2.0 and 2.5. It is soluble in water and ethanol and exhibits hygroscopic properties.

🧪 Applications
In pharmaceutical formulations, glycolic acid 85% is used as a pH adjuster in topical preparations, an exfoliating agent in skin care products, and a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of other compounds. In laboratory settings, it is employed in biochemical assays, as a reagent in chemical synthesis, and in the preparation of buffers. Additionally, glycolic acid is utilized in the production of biodegradable polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), for medical and industrial applications.

⚠️ Safety
Glycolic acid 85% is classified as a corrosive substance and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. It can cause severe skin and eye irritation upon contact and may be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. Personal protective equipment, including gloves, goggles, and lab coats, should be worn when handling this substance. It should be stored in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials.