استون GC
| Formula: | C3H6O |
| Chemical formula: | CH3COCH3 |
| Density: | 0.79 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
| Molar mass: | 58.08 g/mol |
| CAS number: | 67-64-1 |
| EC index number: | 606-001-00-8 |
| HS code: | 29141100 |
| EC number: | 200-662-2 |
| Storage (temperature): | at +15 °C to +25 °C |
| MSDS | available |
| RTECS: | AL3150000 |
| R phrase: | R 11-36-66-67 |
| S phrase: | S 9-16-26 |
| Odour: | fruity |
| Form: | liquid |
| Color: | colourless |
| Explosion limit: | 2.6 -12.8 Vol % |
| Ignition temperature: | 465 °C (DIN 51794) |
| PH value: | 5 – 6 (395 g/l 20 °C) |
| Solubility in water: | (20°C) soluble |
| Solubility in ethanol: | soluble |
| Solubility in chloroform: | soluble |
| Flash point: | < -20 °C (c.c.) |
| Boiling point: | 56.2 °C (1013 hPa) |
| Melting point: | -95 °C |
| Vapour pressure: | 233 hPa (20 °C) |
| Viscosity dynamical : | 0.32 mPa*s (20 °C) |
| Saturation concentration: | 533 g/m3 (20 °C) |
Acetone (also known as 2-propanone or dimethyl ketone) is the simplest and most common ketone, with the chemical formula (CH₃)₂CO. It’s a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid with a sharp odor and is miscible with water. Acetone is widely used as an organic solvent in industry, households (e.g. nail polish remover, paint thinners), and laboratories. It also has VOC-exempt status in the U.S.
🏭⚗️ production
Globally, about 6.7 million tonnes of acetone are produced annually. Most acetone (≈83%) is made through the cumene process, where it’s a co-product of phenol. Other methods include the direct oxidation of propylene and dehydrogenation of 2-propanol. Historically, it was also made via fermentation processes, such as the Weizmann process during WWI.
🧪 Applications
Solvent (≈33% of usage)
Chemical intermediate:
Methyl methacrylate (via acetone cyanohydrin)
Bisphenol A (with phenol)
Methyl isobutyl ketone and alcohol (via aldol condensation)
Synthetic terpenes (via reaction with acetylene)
⚠️ Safety
Acetone is highly flammable, with a flash point of −20 °C and an auto-ignition temperature around 465 °C. Vapors can ignite from a distant source. It should be kept away from oxidizers and certain chemicals like chloroform or hydrogen peroxide, as dangerous reactions or explosive peroxides can form.
