Morpholine
| Formula | C4H9NO |
| Chemical formula | C4H9NO |
| Density | 1.00 g/Cm3 (20°C) |
| Molar mass | 87.12 g/mol |
| CAS number | 110-91-8 |
| HS Code | 29349990 |
| EC number | 203-815-1 |
| Storage | at +15 to +25 °C |
| SDS | available |
| R phrase | R 10-20/21/22-34 |
| S phrase | S 23.2-36-45 |
| Odour | amine -like |
| Form | liquid |
| Color | colourless |
| Explosion limit | 1.4 – 15.2 Vol % |
| Ignition temprature | 275°C |
| Solubility in water | soluble (20°C) |
| Flash point | 31 °C |
| Boiling point | 129 °C |
| Melting point | _5°C |
| Vapour pressure | 11h Pa |
| Viscosity dynamical | 2.23 mPa*s |
| Viscosity kinematic | 2.2 mm2/s |
| Saturation concentration | 38 g/Cm3 |
| Thermal decomposition | > 330 °C |
| Assay | ≥ | 99.0 | % |
| Description | Conforms | ||
| Identification | Conforms | ||
| Solubility | Conforms | ||
| Water | ≤ | 0.3 | % |
| Density(d 20 °C/4 °C) | 0.999 – 1.001 |
Morpholine is a colorless to pale yellow, hygroscopic organic liquid with an ammonia-like odor. It is widely used as a chemical intermediate, solvent, and corrosion inhibitor in various industrial applications.
🏭⚗️ Production
Morpholine is produced industrially by the reaction of diethanolamine with sulfuric acid, followed by dehydration and purification steps. Alternative methods include the hydrogenation of diethanolamine or reaction of ethylene oxide with ammonia.
🔬 Properties
Morpholine has the chemical formula C₄H₉NO and a molar mass of approximately 87.12 g/mol. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic fishy odor. Morpholine is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It has a boiling point of about 129 °C and is moderately volatile.
🧪 Applications
Morpholine is used as a solvent and corrosion inhibitor in boiler water treatment. It also serves as an intermediate in the production of rubber chemicals, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and surfactants. Additionally, morpholine is employed as a curing agent in epoxy resins and coatings.
⚠️ Safety
Morpholine is corrosive and can cause skin and eye irritation. Prolonged exposure may affect the liver and kidneys. It should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment, including gloves and eye protection, and stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
