Manganese sulfate monohydrate
| Formula | MnO4S *4H2O |
| Chemical formula | MnSO4 *4H2O |
| Molar mass | 223.06 g/mol |
| CAS number | 10101-68-5 |
| HS Code | 28332990 |
| EC number | 232-089-9 |
| Storage | Store at +15 to +25 °C |
| SDS | available |
| RTECS | OP1200000 |
| R phrase | R 48/20/22-51/53 |
| S phrase | S 22-61 |
| Odour | odourless |
| Form | solid |
| Color | pink |
| Solubility in water | (20°c) freely soluble |
| Solubility in ethanol | insoluble |
| Melting point | 26 – 27 °C |
| Thermal decomposition | 850 °C |
| Assay | ≥ | 98/5 | % |
| Description | Conforms | ||
| Identification | Conforms | ||
| Solubility | Conforms | ||
| pH | 4.5 – 6.0 | ||
| In water insoluble matter | ≤ | 0/003 | % |
| Chloride | ≤ | 0/001 | % |
| Calcium | ≤ | 0/005 | % |
| Magnesium | ≤ | 0/01 | % |
| Potassium | ≤ | 0/002 | % |
| Sodium | ≤ | 0/005 | % |
| Heavy metals | ≤ | 0/0005 | % |
| Substances reducing potassium permanganate | ≤ | 0/0005 | % |
| Oxidizing matter | Conforms | ||
| Reducing substances | ≤ | 0/007 | % |
Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate is a pale pink, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and widely used as a source of manganese in fertilizers, animal feed, and chemical manufacturing. It is the most common manganese salt used in both industrial and agricultural settings.
🏭⚗️ Production
Manganese(II) sulfate is typically produced by reacting manganese dioxide (MnO₂) or manganese carbonate (MnCO₃) with sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). This reaction yields manganese sulfate, which can crystallize as a monohydrate (MnSO₄·H₂O) or in other hydrated forms depending on drying conditions. The monohydrate form is the most stable under standard conditions and is commonly used in industry.
🔬 Properties
The chemical formula of manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate is MnSO₄·H₂O, with a molar mass of approximately 169.02 g/mol. It appears as light pink crystals and is highly soluble in water, forming slightly acidic solutions. It decomposes upon heating, releasing water and eventually forming manganese oxides. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions but should be kept dry to avoid caking or deliquescence.
🧪 Applications
Manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate is extensively used in fertilizers to correct manganese deficiencies in soil, particularly for crops such as citrus, cereals, and legumes. It is also used as a feed additive in animal nutrition, especially for poultry and livestock. In industry, it serves as a precursor for manganese dioxide production, which is used in dry-cell batteries. Additionally, it plays a role in ceramic glazing, textile dyeing, and as a reagent in chemical synthesis.
⚠️ Safety
While manganese is an essential nutrient in trace amounts, excessive exposure to manganese compounds like manganese sulfate can be harmful, especially through inhalation or ingestion over long periods. Chronic exposure may affect the central nervous system, a condition known as manganism. The compound may also cause mild irritation to the eyes, skin, or respiratory tract. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and dust masks should be used during handling. It should be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
