Tetrachloroethylene
| Formula | C2Cl4 |
| Chemical formula | C2Cl4 |
| Density | 1.62g/cm3 (20°C) |
| Molar mass | 165.83 g/mol |
| CAS number | 127-18-4 |
| HS Code | 29032300 |
| EC number | 204-825-9 |
| Storage | Without limitations |
| SDS | available |
| R phrase | R 40-51/53 |
| S phrase | S 23.2-36/37-61 |
| Odour | ether -like |
| Form | liquid |
| Color | colourless |
| Solubility in water | 0.16g/l (20°C) |
| Solubility in ethanol | soluble (20°C) |
| Boiling point | 121 °C |
| Melting point | -22 °C |
| Vapour pressure | 19hPa |
| Viscosity dynamical | 0.9 mPa*s |
| Saturation concentration | 126 g/Cm3 |
| Thermal decomposition | > 150 °C |
| Assay | ≥ | 99.0 | % |
| Description | Conforms | ||
| Identification | Conforms | ||
| Solubility | Conforms | ||
| Water | ≤ | 0.005 | % |
| Evaporation Residue | ≤ | 0.001 | % |
| Free acid (as HCl) | ≤ | 0.001 | % |
| Density (d 20°c/4 °C) | 1.621 – 1.623 |
Tetrachloroethylene is a colorless, non-flammable, volatile liquid with a sweet, ether-like odor. It is a chlorinated hydrocarbon widely used as an industrial solvent and cleaning agent due to its stability and effectiveness in dissolving oils and greases.
🏭⚗️ Production
Tetrachloroethylene is produced primarily by the chlorination of hydrocarbons such as methane or ethylene, followed by dehydrochlorination. It is commercially manufactured through a series of chlorination and distillation steps, often as a byproduct of other chlorinated solvent productions. The process ensures high purity suitable for industrial applications.
🔬 Properties
The chemical formula of tetrachloroethylene is C₂Cl₄, with a molar mass of approximately 165.83 g/mol. It appears as a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature with a boiling point of about 121 °C and a melting point of −22 °C. Tetrachloroethylene is insoluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents such as alcohol and ether. It is chemically stable under normal conditions but can decompose at high temperatures, releasing toxic gases.
🧪 Applications
Tetrachloroethylene is mainly used as a dry-cleaning solvent due to its ability to dissolve oils, fats, and waxes without damaging fabrics. It is also used as a degreasing agent in metal cleaning, as a chemical intermediate in the production of fluorocarbons, and in the manufacture of adhesives and coatings. Its high volatility and stability make it useful in specialized industrial cleaning processes.
⚠️ Safety
Tetrachloroethylene is considered a hazardous chemical and should be handled with care. Exposure through inhalation or skin contact can cause dizziness, headaches, and respiratory irritation. Prolonged exposure may affect the liver, kidneys, and nervous system. It is classified as a possible human carcinogen by several health agencies. Proper ventilation, personal protective equipment, and adherence to safety guidelines are essential. The chemical should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from heat sources and strong oxidizers.
