Formic acid for HPLC
| Formula | CH2O2 |
| Chemical formula | CHOOH |
| Density | ~1.1 g/cm3 (20°C) |
| Molar mass | 46.03 g/mol |
| HS Code | 29151100 |
| Storage | without limitation |
| SDS | available |
| R phrase | R 35 |
| S phrase | S 23.2-26-36/37/39-45 |
| Odour | pungent |
| Form | liquid |
| Color | colourless |
| Explosion limit | 10 to 45.5 vol % |
| Ignition temprature | 485 °C |
| Assay | 83.0 to 88.0 | % | |
| Colour & Description | Conforms | ||
| Dilution test | Conforms | ||
| Identification | Conforms | ||
| Color | ≤ | 10 | Hazen |
| Evaporation residue | ≤ | 10.0 | ppm |
| Aluminum | ≤ | 0.05 | ppm |
| Calcium | ≤ | 0.2 | ppm |
| Copper | ≤ | 0.025 | ppm |
| Iron | ≤ | 2.0 | ppm |
| Potassium | ≤ | 0.1 | ppm |
| Magnesium | ≤ | 0.5 | ppm |
| Sodium | ≤ | 0.5 | ppm |
| HPLC gradient suitability test (220,254 & | ≤ | 10 | ppm |
| 280 nm) chromophoric impurities on | |||
| 4-hydroxyacetophenon |
Formic Acid for HPLC is a high-purity, analytical-grade organic acid widely used in pharmaceutical, biochemical, and analytical laboratories for HPLC mobile phases, sample preparation, and mass-spectrometry-compatible analyses.
🏭⚗️ Production
Produced through controlled synthesis and purification to achieve very low levels of metal ions, particulate matter, and organic impurities. Carefully filtered and stabilized to maintain consistent acidity and chromatographic performance. Packaged in chemically resistant, airtight containers to prevent contamination, moisture uptake, or degradation during storage and handling.
🔬 Properties
A clear, colorless, corrosive liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. Highly miscible with water and most polar organic solvents. Exhibits strong acidity and excellent volatility, making it ideal for LC-MS applications. Chemically stable under recommended conditions but reactive with strong oxidizers, bases, and certain metals. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area in corrosion-resistant containers.
🧪 Applications
Used extensively in HPLC and LC-MS as a mobile phase modifier to improve peak shape, ionization efficiency, and reproducibility. Serves as an acidifier in peptide, protein, and metabolite analysis. Also applied in sample preparation, purification processes, and analytical methods requiring high-purity organic acids. Maintains consistency and reliability in sensitive chromatographic and spectrometric workflows.
⚠️ Safety
Corrosive and harmful if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin. May cause severe irritation or burns to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Vapors can be harmful in high concentrations. Handle in a well-ventilated area using appropriate PPE such as gloves, goggles, face protection, and lab coat. Prevent contact with incompatible materials, and store in tightly closed, corrosion-resistant containers away from heat, bases, and oxidizers.
