Heptane
| Formula | C7H16 |
| Chemical formula | CH3(CH2)5CH3 |
| Density | ~ 0.68 g/cm3 (20°C) |
| Molar mass | 100.21 g/mol |
| CAS number | 142-82-5 |
| HS Code | 29011000 |
| EC number | 205-563-8 |
| Storage | without limitation |
| SDS | available |
| RTECS | W7700000 |
| R phrase | R 11-38-50/53-65-67 |
| S phrase | S 9-16-29-33-60-61-62 |
| Odour | characteristic |
| Form | liquid |
| Color | colourless |
| Explosion limit | 1.0 to 7.0 vol % |
| Ignition temprature | 215 °C |
| p H | 7 – 8 (10g/l 20°C ) |
| Solubility in water | 0.05 g/l (20°C) |
| Solubility in ethanol | soluble (20°C) |
| Flash point | _4 °C |
| Melting point | ~-108.5 °C |
| Boiling point | 97 to 98°C |
| Vapur pressure | 48 hPa (20°C) |
| Viscosity dynamical | 0.42 mPa*s (20°C) |
| Saturation Concentration | 196g/m3 (20°C) |
| Assay | ≥ | 99.0 | % |
| Description | Conforms | ||
| Identification | Conforms | ||
| Solubility | Conforms | ||
| Water | ≤ | 0.01 | % |
| Density | 0683 – 0.686 | ||
| Free acid | ≤ | 0.0005 | % |
| Refractive index | 1.387 to 1.388 | ||
| Boiling range(97 to 98 °C ) | ≥ | 95.0 | % |
| Aromatc hydrocarbones | ≤ | 0.1 | % |
| Readily carbonizable substances | conforms | ||
| Heavy metals | ≤ | 0.00001 | % |
| Evaporation residue | ≤ | 0.001 | % |
Heptane is a straight-chain alkane hydrocarbon with seven carbon atoms, widely used as a non-polar solvent in laboratories and industry.
🏭⚗️ Production
Heptane is obtained industrially by fractional distillation of crude oil or by catalytic reforming processes. In laboratory settings, it is often purified by distillation to obtain high-purity solvent grades.
🔬 Properties
Heptane appears as a clear, colorless liquid with a mild gasoline-like odor. Its chemical formula is C₇H₁₆ with a molar mass of approximately 100.2 g/mol. It has a boiling point around 98°C, is non-polar, insoluble in water, and highly flammable.
🧪 Applications
Heptane is used as a solvent in pharmaceutical and chemical syntheses, in the calibration of gas chromatographs, and as a standard in octane rating tests. It also serves in cleaning and degreasing applications.
⚠️ Safety
Heptane is highly flammable and can cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of vapors may cause dizziness or respiratory irritation. Proper ventilation, use of flame-resistant equipment, and personal protective gear such as gloves and goggles are recommended. It should be stored away from heat sources and oxidizers.
